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Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 956-972 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0785-5

摘要： Cold-end systems are heat sinks of thermal power cycles, which have an essential effect on the overall performance of thermal power plants. To enhance the efficiency of thermal power plants, multi-pressure condensers have been applied in some large-capacity thermal power plants. However, little attention has been paid to the optimization of the cold-end system with multi-pressure condensers which have multiple parameters to be identified. Therefore, the design optimization methods of cold-end systems with single- and multi-pressure condensers are developed based on the entropy generation rate, and the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize multiple parameters. Multiple parameters, including heat transfer area of multi-pressure condensers, steam distribution in condensers, and cooling water mass flow rate, are optimized while considering detailed entropy generation rate of the cold-end systems. The results show that the entropy generation rate of the multi-pressure cold-end system is less than that of the single-pressure cold-end system when the total condenser area is constant. Moreover, the economic performance can be improved with the adoption of the multi-pressure cold-end system. When compared with the single-pressure cold-end system, the excess revenues gained by using dual- and quadruple-pressure cold-end systems are 575 and 580 k$/a, respectively.

关键词： cold-end system     entropy generation minimization     optimization     economic analysis     genetic algorithm (GA)    

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Entropy flow, entropy generation, exergy flux, and optimal absorbing temperature in radiative transfer

Zeshao CHEN, Songping MO, Peng HU, Shouli JIANG, Gang WANG, Xiaofang CHENG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 301-305 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0006-0

摘要： Taking nonequilibrium radiative heat transfer between two surfaces as an example, the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of radiation is studied and discussed. The formulas of entropy flow, entropy generation, exergy flux, and optimal temperature of absorbing surface for maximum exergy output are derived. The result is a contribution to the thermodynamic analysis and optimization of solar energy utilization and can be applied in more complex radiative heat transfer cases.

关键词： radiative heat transfer     entropy generation     exergy     thermodynamics    

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Principle of maximum entropy for reliability analysis in the design of machine components

Yimin ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第1期   页码 21-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0512-z

摘要： We studied the reliability of machine components with parameters that follow an arbitrary statistical distribution using the principle of maximum entropy (PME). We used PME to select the statistical distribution that best fits the available information. We also established a probability density function (PDF) and a failure probability model for the parameters of mechanical components using the concept of entropy and the PME. We obtained the first four moments of the state function for reliability analysis and design. Furthermore, we attained an estimate of the PDF with the fewest human bias factors using the PME. This function was used to calculate the reliability of the machine components, including a connecting rod, a vehicle half-shaft, a front axle, a rear axle housing, and a leaf spring, which have parameters that typically follow a non-normal distribution. Simulations were conducted for comparison. This study provides a design methodology for the reliability of mechanical components for practical engineering projects.

关键词： machine components     reliability     arbitrary distribution parameter     principle of maximum entropy    

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Mechanism on minimization of excess sludge in oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process

WANG Jianfang, ZHAO Qingliang, JIN Wenbiao, LIN Jikan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 36-43 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0001-4

摘要： The oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process is a promising wastewater treatment technique for efficiently reducing sludge production and improving the stability of process operation. In this paper, the possible factors of sludge reduction such as sludge decay, uncoupled metabolism, and anaerobic oxidation with low sludge production were discussed in the OSA process. It has been confirmed that sludge decay is the decisive cause in the OSA process, accounting for 66.7% of sludge production reduction. Sludge decay includes hydrolysis and acidogenesis of dead microorganisms and particle organic carbon adsorbed in sludge floc and endogenous metabolism. By batch experiments, it has been proven that there is energetic uncoupling in the OSA system since microorganisms were exposed to alternative anaerobic and aerobic environment. It accounts for about 7.5% of sludge production reduction. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) released from the anaerobic sludge tank in the OSA process was used as the substrate for cryptic growth. The substrate was used for anoxic denitrifying, anaerobic phosphorus release, sulfate reduction, and methane production. These anaerobic reactions in the sludge anaerobic tank have lower sludge production than in the aerobic oxidation when equivalent SCOD is consumed, which may lead to approximately 23% of sludge reduction in the OSA process. It has been concluded that multiple causes resulted in the minimization of excess sludge in the OSA system. The microbial community structure and diversity of sludge samples from the CAS (conventional activated sludge) and OSA systems were investigated by 16 SrDNA PCR-DG-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-double gradient-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). DGGE profile and cluster analysis showed more abundant species in the OSA system contrasting to microbial communities in the CAS system.
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High-order phase-field model with the local and second-order max-entropy approximants

Fatemeh AMIRI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 406-416 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0475-5

摘要： We approximate the fracture surface energy functional based on phase-field method with smooth local maximum entropy (LME) and second-order maximum entropy (SME) approximants. The higher-order continuity of the meshfree methods such as LME and SME approximants allows to directly solve the fourth-order phase-field equations without splitting the fourth-order differential equation into two second-order differential equations. We will first show that the crack surface functional can be captured more accurately in the fourth-order model with smooth approximants such as LME, SME and B-spline. Furthermore, smaller length scale parameter is needed for the fourth-order model to approximate the energy functional. We also study SME approximants and drive the formulations. The proposed meshfree fourth-order phase-field formulation show more stable results for SME compared to LME meshfree methods.

关键词： second-order maximum entropy     local maximum entropy     second- and fourth-order phase-field models     B-spline    

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Power system reconfiguration and loss minimization for a distribution systems using “Catfish PSO” algorithm

K Sathish KUMAR,S NAVEEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 434-442 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0313-y

摘要： One of the very important ways to save electrical energy in the distribution system is network reconfiguration for loss reduction. Distribution networks are built as interconnected mesh networks; however, they are arranged to be radial in operation. The distribution feeder reconfiguration is to find a radial operating structure that optimizes network performance while satisfying operating constraints. The change in network configuration is performed by opening sectionalizing (normally closed) and closing tie (normally opened) switches of the network. These switches are changed in such a way that the radial structure of networks is maintained, all of the loads are energized, power loss is reduced, power quality is enhanced, and system security is increased. Distribution feeder reconfiguration is a complex nonlinear combinatorial problem since the status of the switches is non-differentiable. This paper proposes a new evolutionary algorithm (EA) for solving the distribution feeder reconfiguration (DFR) problem for a 33-bus and a 16-bus sample network, which effectively ensures the loss minimization.

关键词： distribution system reconfiguration (DFR)     power loss reduction     catfish particle swarm optimization (catfish PSO)     radial structure    

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Maximum entropy based finite element analysis of porous media

Emad NOROUZI, Hesam MOSLEMZADEH, Soheil MOHAMMADI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 364-379 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0470-x

摘要： The maximum entropy theory has been used in a wide variety of physical, mathematical and engineering applications in the past few years. However, its application in numerical methods, especially in developing new shape functions, has attracted much interest in recent years. These shape functions possess the potential for performing better than the conventional basis functions in problems with randomly generated coarse meshes. In this paper, the maximum entropy theory is adopted to spatially discretize the deformation variable of the governing coupled equations of porous media. This is in line with the well-known fact that higher-order shape functions can provide more stable solutions in porous problems. Some of the benchmark problems in deformable porous media are solved with the developed approach and the results are compared with available references.

关键词： maximum entropy FEM     fully coupled multi-phase system     porous media    

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Robust design approach to the minimization of functional performance variations of products and systems

J. ZHANG, H. DU, D. XUE, P. GU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第2期   页码 379-392 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0607-1

摘要： Functional performance variations of products and systems are often used to measure the qualities of products and systems considering the changes in the design parameter values caused by uncertainties. A robust design approach has been developed in this research to minimize the functional performance variations considering the design parameter uncertainties by identifying the boundaries of the functional performance variations through optimization. In this work, a mathematical model is developed to describe the relationships among functional performance, design configurations and parameters, and design parameter uncertainties. A multi-level optimization model is established to identify: (1) The optimal design configuration, (2) the optimal values of design parameters, and (3) the boundaries of functional performance variations. Sensitivity analysis considering the impact of parameter uncertainties on functional performance variation boundaries has also been conducted. A case study on the design of a truss system has been conducted. Case study results show that the sensitivities of functional performance variation boundaries to the design parameter uncertainties can be reduced significantly using the new robust design approach.

关键词： product design     robust design     design optimization     uncertainties    

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Exergetic sustainability evaluation and optimization of an irreversible Brayton cycle performance

Mohammad H. AHMADI,Mohammad-Ali AHMADI,Esmaeil ABOUKAZEMPOUR,Lavinia GROSU,Fathollah POURFAYAZ,Mokhtar BIDI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 399-410 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0445-y

摘要： Owing to the energy demands and global warming issue, employing more effective power cycles has become a responsibility. This paper presents a thermodynamical study of an irreversible Brayton cycle with the aim of optimizing the performance of the Brayton cycle. Moreover, four different schemes in the process of multi-objective optimization were suggested, and the outcomes of each scheme are assessed separately. The power output, the concepts of entropy generation, the energy, the exergy output, and the exergy efficiencies for the irreversible Brayton cycle are considered in the analysis. In the first scheme, in order to maximize the exergy output, the ecological function and the ecological coefficient of performance, a multi-objective optimization algorithm (MOEA) is used. In the second scheme, three objective functions including the exergetic performance criteria, the ecological coefficient of performance, and the ecological function are maximized at the same time by employing MOEA. In the third scenario, in order to maximize the exergy output, the exergetic performance criteria and the ecological coefficient of performance, a MOEA is performed. In the last scheme, three objective functions containing the exergetic performance criteria, the ecological coefficient of performance, and the exergy-based ecological function are maximized at the same time by employing multi-objective optimization algorithms. All the strategies are implemented via multi-objective evolutionary algorithms based on the NSGAII method. Finally, to govern the final outcome in each scheme, three well-known decision makers were employed.

关键词： entropy generation     exergy     Brayton cycle     ecological function     irreversibility    

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High-entropy catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0892-6

摘要： High entropy materials (HEMs) have developed rapidly in the field of electrocatalytic water-electrolysis for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their unique properties. In particular, HEM catalysts are composed of many elements. Therefore, they have rich active sites and enhanced entropy stability relative to single atoms. In this paper, the preparation strategies and applications of HEM catalysts in electrochemical water-electrolysis are reviewed to explore the stabilization of HEMs and their catalytic mechanisms as well as their application in support green hydrogen production. First, the concept and four characteristics of HEMs are introduced based on entropy and composition. Then, synthetic strategies of HEM catalysts are systematically reviewed in terms of the categories of bottom-up and top-down. The application of HEMs as catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis in recent years is emphatically discussed, and the mechanisms of improving the performance of electrocatalysis is expounded by combining theoretical calculation technology and ex-situ/in situ characterization experiments. Finally, the application prospect of HEMs is proposed to conquer the challenges in HEM catalyst fabrications and applications.

关键词： high-entropy     electrocatalysis     synthetic methods     water-electrolysis     hydrogen and oxygen evolutions    

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Application of entropy-based fuzzy matter-element analysis in seepage monitoring of RCC dam

Chongshi GU, Zhijun ZHANG, Xin CAI, Yue HOU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 105-111 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0015-4

摘要： Taking account of the fuzzy results of the seepage monitoring analysis of roller compacted concrete (RCC) dam and uncertainties of the individual indicator evaluation, the fuzzy matter-element model of seepage monitoring of RCC dam analysis has been established with the use of the fuzzy matter-element analysis theory and the concept of euclid approach degree. The use of entropy theory can calculate the weighting factor through the disorder utility values of the information reflected by the data itself, which can effectively avoid the problems of weight distribution and uncertainties of subjective judgments of the seepage monitoring analysis of roller compacted concrete dam. And further the example shows that the analysis of entropy-based fuzzy matter-element analysis model of the seepage monitoring of roller compacted concrete dam is in accordance with the actual situation, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： information entropy     fuzzy matter-element     roller compacted concrete (RCC) dam     seepage analysis    

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Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and

Homayoun EBRAHIMIAN,Bahman TAHERI,Nasser YOUSEFI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 426-432 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0376-4

摘要： The aim of this paper is simultaneous minimization of hydrothermal units to reach the best solution by employing an improved artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm in a multi-objective function consisting of economic dispatch (ED) considering the valve-point effect and pollution function in power systems in view of the hot water of the hydro system. In this type of optimization problem, all practical constraints of units were taken into account as much as possible in order to comply with the reality. These constraints include the maximum and minimum output power of units, the constraints caused by the balance between supply and demand, the impact of pollution, water balance, uneven production curve considering the valve-point effect and system losses. The proposed algorithm is applied on the studied system, and the obtained results indifferent operating conditions are analyzed. To investigate in various operating conditions, different load profiles in 12 h are taken into account. The obtained results are compared with those of the other methods including the genetic algorithm (GA), the Basu technique, and the improved genetic algorithm. Fast convergence is one of this improved algorithm features.

关键词： practical constraints of units     pollution function     inlet steam valve     up-ramp rate of units     improved ABC algorithm    

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知识创新随机过程最大熵模型

陈欣,和金生,董丽平

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第12期   页码 43-46

摘要：

根据创新知识的形成受已有相关知识影响的假设，综合运用概率统计、最优化、最大熵原理构建了知识创新随机过程最大熵模型，给出了以已有知识x∈X为约束的新知识y∈Y的条件概率p(y|x)。模型具有随机性与因果性对立统一的特点。

关键词： 最大熵     知识创新     条件熵     随机过程    

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一类灰色模糊决策问题的熵权分析方法

罗党,刘思峰

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第10期   页码 48-51

摘要：

以灰色系统理论和模糊数学为基础，探讨了不确定型决策问题的特性，分析了一些相关成果中所给方法在直接处理灰色模糊数方面的优势与不足。运用优化理论和熵极大化准则，建立了基于灰色模糊关系的多属性群体决策方法，分别对属性权重向量已知和未知两种情况给出了简便实用的算法，通过算例说明了算法的合理性。

关键词： 灰色模糊关系     熵     多属性决策    

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工程管理熵学及其应用

邱菀华,谷晓燕

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第8期   页码 73-79

摘要：

介绍了管理学、决策论和信息学的一个新交叉研究领域——工程管理熵学，从它诞生的必要性、科学性出发，进而阐述其理论基础、方法与模型，特别介绍了复熵决策法、群决策熵模型和多因素耦合决策熵方法，最后给出的工程管理应用案例表明，所提出的熵模型能够有效地解决实际工程管理中的决策难题。

关键词： 工程管理     决策     熵    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization

期刊论文

Entropy flow, entropy generation, exergy flux, and optimal absorbing temperature in radiative transfer

Zeshao CHEN, Songping MO, Peng HU, Shouli JIANG, Gang WANG, Xiaofang CHENG,

期刊论文

Principle of maximum entropy for reliability analysis in the design of machine components

Yimin ZHANG

期刊论文

Mechanism on minimization of excess sludge in oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process

WANG Jianfang, ZHAO Qingliang, JIN Wenbiao, LIN Jikan

期刊论文

High-order phase-field model with the local and second-order max-entropy approximants

Fatemeh AMIRI

期刊论文

Power system reconfiguration and loss minimization for a distribution systems using “Catfish PSO” algorithm

K Sathish KUMAR,S NAVEEN

期刊论文

Maximum entropy based finite element analysis of porous media

Emad NOROUZI, Hesam MOSLEMZADEH, Soheil MOHAMMADI

期刊论文

Robust design approach to the minimization of functional performance variations of products and systems

J. ZHANG, H. DU, D. XUE, P. GU

期刊论文

Exergetic sustainability evaluation and optimization of an irreversible Brayton cycle performance

Mohammad H. AHMADI,Mohammad-Ali AHMADI,Esmaeil ABOUKAZEMPOUR,Lavinia GROSU,Fathollah POURFAYAZ,Mokhtar BIDI

期刊论文

High-entropy catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution

期刊论文

Application of entropy-based fuzzy matter-element analysis in seepage monitoring of RCC dam

Chongshi GU, Zhijun ZHANG, Xin CAI, Yue HOU

期刊论文

Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and

Homayoun EBRAHIMIAN,Bahman TAHERI,Nasser YOUSEFI

期刊论文

知识创新随机过程最大熵模型

陈欣,和金生,董丽平

期刊论文

一类灰色模糊决策问题的熵权分析方法

罗党,刘思峰

期刊论文

工程管理熵学及其应用

邱菀华,谷晓燕

期刊论文